About the Fourth Amendment Center

NACDL's Fourth Amendment Center offers direct assistance to defense lawyers handling cases involving new surveillance tools, technologies and tactics that infringe on the constitutional rights of people in America. The Center is available to help members of the defense bar in bringing new Fourth Amendment challenges, providing a range of support: from training and resources to expert consultation and direct litigation, all free of charge.

Staff

Jumana Musa
Director

Michael Price
Litigation Director

Priyanka Podugu
Education & Research Associate

Max Behrman
Legal Fellow


Tech Advisory Board

The Fourth Amendment Center Tech Advisory Board is composed of eight subject-matter experts, technologists, and defense lawyers who help ensure that Fourth Amendment case law evolves to keep pace with emerging technologies.

Learn more about the Board here.


Who We Are

Jumana Musa, Director

Jumana Musa is a human rights attorney and racial justice activist. She is currently the Director of the Fourth Amendment Center at the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers. As director, Ms. Musa oversees NACDL’s initiative to build a new, more durable Fourth Amendment legal doctrine for the digital age. The Fourth Amendment Center educates the defense bar on privacy challenges in the digital age, provides a dynamic toolkit of resources to help lawyers identify opportunities to challenge government surveillance, and establishes a tactical litigation support network to assist in key cases. Ms. Musa previously served as NACDL’s Sr. Privacy and National Security Counsel.

Prior to joining NACDL, Ms. Musa served as a policy consultant for the Southern Border Communities Coalition, a coalition of over 60 groups across the southwest that address militarization and brutality by U.S. Customs and Border Protection agents in border communities. Previously, she served as Deputy Director for the Rights Working Group, a national coalition of civil rights, civil liberties, human rights, and immigrant rights advocates where she coordinated the “Face the Truth” campaign against racial profiling. She was also the Advocacy Director for Domestic Human Rights and International Justice at Amnesty International USA, where she addressed the domestic and international impact of U.S. counterterrorism efforts on human rights. She was one of the first human rights attorneys allowed to travel to the naval base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, and served as Amnesty International’s legal observer at military commission proceedings on the base.

Ms. Musa has also worked as a policy attorney for the National Network to End Domestic Violence and handled international relations and immigration issues as a fellow in the office of Congressman Jesse L. Jackson, Jr. As an adjunct professor at Georgetown University’s Center for Contemporary Arab Studies, she taught the course “Human Rights in the Middle East and North Africa.” In 2016, Ms. Musa received the Ralph Johns Civil Rights Award from the Arab-American Anti-Discrimination Committee in recognition of her work. Ms. Musa holds a BA in International Relations from Brown University and a JD from Georgetown University Law Center.

Michael Price, Litigation Director

Michael Price serves as the Litigation Director for the Fourth Amendment Center at NACDL, which provides the defense bar with resources and litigation support designed to preserve privacy rights in the digital age. Michael focuses on cutting-edge Fourth Amendment issues including the “third-party doctrine,” location tracking, device searches, parallel construction, and government hacking. He provides trainings and direct legal assistance to equip defense lawyers with the tools they need to ensure that the Fourth Amendment keeps pace with emerging technologies.

Michael previously served as Senior Counsel for the Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law. As part of the Liberty and National Security program, Michael worked to oppose discriminatory surveillance and immigration practices, developed legislation to enhance oversight and accountability for the NYPD, and co-authored numerous amicus briefs in cases involving electronic surveillance and privacy issues, including United States v. Jones, Riley v. California, and Carpenter v. United States.

From 2008-2011, Michael was the National Security Coordinator for NACDL, where he provided legal assistance for the defense of detainees in the military commissions at Guantanamo Bay. Michael is a frequent commentator on privacy and national security issues for national media outlets. He is the author of National Security and Local Police (2013) and Rethinking Privacy: Fourth Amendment “Papers” and the Third-Party Doctrine (2016). He holds a J.D. from NYU School of Law and a B.A. from Columbia University in Political Science and Middle East & Asian Languages and Cultures.

Priyanka Podugu, Education & Research Associate

Priyanka Podugu serves as the Education and Research Associate for the NACDL’s Fourth Amendment Center. She is responsible for assisting in the drafting, editing and strategic dissemination of various reports and educational pieces, maintaining the Center’s case database, and planning webinars, meetings and trainings. Priyanka also provides administrative support to the Center’s Director, and she assists the Sr. Litigation Counsel and Staff Attorney in research and resource collection on emerging surveillance technologies.

Priyanka graduated from Brown University in 2020 with honors in Political Science. At Brown, she served as a first-year student peer adviser, and she was also the Managing Editor and Vice President of The Brown Daily Herald, Brown’s main campus newspaper. During her senior year, she authored an honors thesis that examined the due process rights of noncitizen civilians during national security and immigration cases. She won the “Best Honors Thesis in Political Theory Award” from Brown’s Political Science Department for her research. Prior to working at the NACDL, Priyanka interned on Capitol Hill, and she worked with LGBTQ youth in Cleveland while serving as an intern for the city’s LGBT Center. She also served as a Research Assistant to Professor Corey Brettschneider, editing drafts of his upcoming books that cover a number of subjects in constitutional law from free speech to impeachment.

Max Behrman, Legal Fellow

Max Behrman is the NACDL’s  Fourth Amendment Center Legal Fellow, supporting the Center’s legal and advocacy work at the nexus of law and technology. Before joining NACDL, Max was a legal intern with the ACLU’s Speech, Privacy, and Technology (SPT) Project, where he focused on biometric regulations, governmental purchasing of location data, public health orders, and state-compelled decryption of electronic devices. Prior to SPT, Max interned with the City Bar Justice Center, conducting over-the-phone legal intakes and research to assist low-income New Yorkers.

A techie from an early age, Max worked in the IT sector—most recently serving for four years as the IT and Operations Manager at the New York Civil Liberties Union—after graduating from New York University with a B.A. in Journalism and Psychology. He currently serves as a member of the Technology, Cyber and Privacy Law Committee at the New York City Bar Association and holds a J.D. from the City University of New York School of Law, where he was a Managing Articles Editor for the CUNY Law Review.